Oral Cancer & Pre-Cancer : Signs & Symptoms
Oral Cancer is multifactorial in origin but caused mainly by Tobacco & Alcohol Consumption. The skin inside the mouth starts showing changes in response to the carcinogens consumed or exposed on a frequent as well as on a long term basis. The following are the signs and symptoms of Oral Cancer & Precancer conditions.
1. White patch
White patches in the mouth are asymptomatic. However they can convert into cancer. Hence it is mandatory to get them diagnosed and treated
2. Red patch
Red patch causes burning sensation in the mouth and it is more likely to
convert into carcinoma as compared to a white patch. Proper observation
and biopsy is must.
3. Ulcer
It is a small break in continuity of the skin inside the mouth. Ulcers can be
caused by a variety of reasons. However the ones which do not heal should
be carefully observed. Patients with tobacco habits must take a biopsy if it
doesn’t heal within 7-14 days.
4. Tissue overgrowth and/or swelling
Any sudden uncontrolled tissue overgrowth with bleeding tendency can
happen in response to the irritants/carcinogens. This overgrowth or
swelling should be evaluated by biopsy and X rays.
5. Voice change, Swallowing & Speaking Difficulties
Cancer in the posterior half of the oral cavity can cause discomfort in
speaking, swallowing and hoarseness in voice.
6. Loss of sensation
A cancer can eat up the nearby nerves. Therefore the patient experiences
permanent numbness in the region supplied by the involved nerve.
7. Unexplained weight loss
If the oral cancer spreads to different areas of the body for example lungs
or food pipe, it can cause sudden weight loss and weakness.
Hence it is very important to get a regular dental check up and oral cancer
screening specially when you are exposed to the risk factors causing Oral
Cancers on a regular basis.
Dr Alka Bulchandani,
Oral Medicine & Radiology,
Crossroads Dental Clinic.